NDV Abbreviation

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Popular abbreviations of NDV:

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What does NDV mean?

NDV is the short-term for Newcastle Disease Virus. It is the virus responsible for one of the highly pathogenic viral diseases of the avian species. The disease is found mainly in domestic and some wild bird species and can be transferred to humans.

Although in humans, the disease is asymptomatic in nature and in some cases causes mild fever or conjunctivitis, the major effect is seen prominently in domestic poultry. This is because of the high susceptibility and probability of severe impacts of epizootic on the entire poultry industry.

History of NDV

The Newcastle disease caused by the Newcastle disease virus was first seen in 1926 in Java, Indonesia. Later in 1927, it was also identified in Newcastle. It is claimed that the disease might have been prevalent in 1898 as well when an entire domestic fowl in Scotland was wiped out. The slaughter policy was ceased in England and Wales in 1963 whereas in Scotland it continued for all varieties of fowl pests. Later, the virus was identified as an anticancer agent because the virus selectively killed tumor cells while having limited toxicity to other normal cells.

About the virus

The Newcastle Disease Virus is an avian virus, a negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus. The virus belongs to a subfamily that specifically infects birds. The virus is transmitted through exposure to feces or excretions from birds. Other transmission modes include contamination in food, water, clothing or equipment. The various NDV strain have been classified into three categories –

• Velogenic – highly virulent, spread quickly and causes up to 90% mortality
• Mesogenic – intermediately virulent in nature, causes mild effects such as cough, affect egg production and up to 10% mortality
• Lentogenic – nonvirulent in nature, cause very mild symptoms and has negligible mortality

Prevention from the virus

New birds should be vaccinated before allowing them to enter a flock. Infected birds must be isolated as soon as possible. Various vaccines are available for the Newcastle disease which involves a thermotolerant version available in underdeveloped economies.