BARC Abbreviation

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What does BARC mean?

BARC or Bhaba Atomic Research Centre is an Indian multidisciplinary research center carrying out research for nuclear science. The center was established to intensify the effort of exploiting nuclear energy positively for benefit of the nation. It works on the development and research of nuclear science, material science, plasma physics, supercomputing, biology and medicine and several other Indian nuclear programs.

History

The first nuclear program was conceived by Dr. Home Jehangir Bhaba. In 1945, Dr. Bhaba established the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR) to research nuclear programs. Later, he established Atomic Energy Establishment (AEET) in Trombay in 1954. The purpose was to develop the research and make nuclear energy beneficial to the nation. After the demise of Dr. Bhaba in 1966, the center was renamed as Bhaba Atomic Research Centre.

Structure of BARC

BARC is an Indian nuclear research center consisting of the following organizational structure-

• Director
• Group Directors (Nuclear Fuels Group, Nuclear Recycle Group, Physics Group, Chemical Engineering Group, Reactor Group, Ratio Chemistry and Isotope Group, Health Safety and Environmental Group, Bio-science Group, Administrative Group, Knowledge and Management Group, Medical Group)
• Associate Directors (Electronics & Instrumentation Group, Facility Director, Project Director)
• Heads of Divisions

Research Areas of BARC

Indian Nuclear Power Program

Due to the fine research of BARC, India became the only developing nation where nuclear teachers are used to generating electricity. As part of setting up of PHWRs, BARC took the responsibility for the development of nuclear grade pumps, fuel machines, fuel, clad, etc. and other research and development for the design and safety of PHWRs from normal to extension conditions.

BARC designed Advanced Heavy Water Reactor (AHWR) to adopt several passive systems making the reactor safe for the public. It achieved forging technology for pressure vessels and reactivity drives for the indigenous PWR program. Innovative High-Temperature Reactor (IHTR) is another reactor to provide high temperature to produce hydrogen by thermochemical water splitting.

Thorium Fuel Cycle

Thorium is largely found in India and is used to produce nuclear energy. For various irradiation in research and power reactors, BARC fabricated a few tonnes of thoria fuel. Thorium is used in different reactors for fuel management, fuel utilization and reactor control. Thoria is a fuel rod and fuel assemblies are used in research reactor DRUVA and CIRUS. Advanced reactors, AHWR and AHWR300-LEU are designed in BARC to utilize thorium on large scale.

Reprocessing and Nuclear Waste Management

BARC has first begun reprocessing spent fuel in 1964. Reprocessing fuel of uranium-based reactor was carried by it. The rapid expansion of the nuclear power program to generate maximum energy needs reprocessing plants like Integrated Nuclear Recycle Plant

Environmental Surveillance and Radiation Protection

BARC has initiated several individual and environmental monitoring and radiation safety, dosimetry in medical applications of radiation. Training and certification courses in radiological physics are provided for safety.

Environmental monitoring and radiological impact assessment in DAE sites are provided. Monitoring gamma radiations, developing methodologies for determining radionuclides, and developing methodologies for strengthening radiological emergency preparedness are the core research areas of BARC.

Health, Food and Agriculture

BARC has developed about 49 crop varieties using radiation-induced mutagenesis, hybridization and Tissue-culture techniques. Molecular markers, and transgenic, biosensors are developed. Biological control of pests and pathogens techniques and Nisargruna biogas technology for agricultural water management are also developed. Besides, understanding DNA damage repair and the molecular basis of stress response in bacteria, plants and animals are other research areas of BARC.

Material Sciences and Engineering

Core research areas in this field are the production of uranium (ingot and powder), mineral processing, development of nuclear structural material, failure analysis and life management of nuclear structural material, beam processing of material, working on novel solvents for separation of nuclear materials from waste, microstructural characterization, 3D atom probe, TEM, SEM, EBSD etc.

Electronics Instrumentation and Computer

BARC has focused to achieve excellence in nuclear science and technology and developing indigenous technologies. It has been researched and developed instrumentation and control systems for research and power reactor; radiation detector, nuclear instruments and systems for protection and control of nuclear plants; development of scientific and Engineering software for nuclear and non-nuclear applications; development of database application; research and development of Robotic neurosurgery and machine learning.

Research Reactors in BARC

• APSARA
• APSARA-U
• ZERLINA
• PURNIMA 1
• PURNIMA 2
• PURNIMA 3
• DRUVA
• CIRUS

Carrier Opportunity in BARC

Along with nuclear atomic research, BARC is a multidimensional center that creates various carrier opportunities. Many training options are available here. Also, there are award programs for different students.

Opportunity

BARC gives opportunities in R&D areas of nuclear science and technology. Personnel of DAE have categorized are- Scientific (Scientific officer) through training schools and direct recruitment, Technical (technician, scientific assistant, horticulture staff, fire service staff), Administrative (Administrative Account) and Purchase & stores, Auxiliary (Security staff, driver staff).

Training Courses

Diploma in Radiological Physics, Diploma in Radiation Medicine Training Courses, DMRIT training course, Ph.D. degrees in Chemical Science, Engineering Science, Life Science, Mathematical Science, Medical & Health Science.

Awards

Homi Bhaba Awards for candidates of BARC training school, DAE Awards Scheme (Lifetime Achievement Award, Exceptional Service Award, Young Scientist Award, Special Contribution Award, Young Engineer Award, Group Achievement Award)

DAE Doctoral Fellowship Scheme

Pursuing Ph.D. degree in the following institutions of HBNI- Bhaba Atomic Research Centre (Mumbai), Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (Kalpakkam), Institute of Plasma Research (Gandhinagar), Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre (Kolkata).

Publications of BARC

BARC publishes

• BARC Vista
• DAE Technology Bulletin
• Technical Brouchers
• eBooks
• BARC Highlights

FAQs

• Who is the Director of BARC?

Ans. Prof. Ajit Kumar Mohanty

• Where is the headquarters of BARC?

Ans. Trombay, Mumbai