DIAC Abbreviation

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Popular abbreviations of DIAC:

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What does DIAC mean?

DIAC is the short form for Diode Alternating Current. It is a bidirectional switching device consisting of two terminals. It conducts electricity in both directions as the voltage applied goes above the threshold value. DIAC belongs to the group of thyristors but it is quite similar to a transistor which is why it is often considered a transistor. It plays an important part in various gate triggering circuits and thyristor-based circuits.

Construction of a DIAC

The structure of a DIAC and a transistor is much similar, but they differ in the levels of doping and the number of terminals used.

The most common structure of a DIAC is the three-layer structure although four and five-layer structures are also possible. The structure can either be NPN or PNP. The PNP structure consists of two P-regions differed apart by an N-region.

For PNP, the terminals are joined to P1 and P2 layers. When terminal 1 is positive, P1-N is forward-bias and P2-N is reverse bias. Over the threshold value of voltage, the structure moves into conduction mode and conduction now goes from terminal 1 to 2. If terminal 2 is positive, the reverse process takes place.

Working of DIAC

Whenever the voltage is supplied across the terminals, a small number of current flows and thus it works forward or reverses bias. When the applied voltage exceeds the breakover voltage limit, breakdown occurs and it shows negative characteristics. As it arrives into conduction mode, more current flows. So, resistance is connected in a series combination in this circuit for the safe operation of the device.

Advantages & Disadvantages of DIAC

Advantages of DIAC are:

• Provides easier switching
• It has a low ON voltage drop
• Offers symmetrical switching properties
• Provides power control
• The drop in voltage increases with an increase in voltage

Disadvantages of DIAC are:

• Cannot handle high amounts of voltages
• Conducts voltages only above 30V
• Fairly low power device.