LPF Abbreviation

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Popular abbreviations of LPF:

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What does LPF mean?

LPF stands for Low Pass Filter. It is a type of filter circuit that allows the passage of signals having frequencies lower than the threshold value. For signals having frequencies greater than the threshold, the frequencies are attenuated.

The circuit for Low Pass Filter consists of passive elements and a capacitor which are connected in series combination with the applied voltage source. The output voltage across the capacitor is then obtained.

What are filters?

As the name suggests, filters are the circuit allowing only certain frequency components while blocking the others. Four types of filter circuits are available depending upon the range of frequencies they would allow. These are low pass, high pass, band-stop and band-pass filters.

Types of Low Pass Filters

1. First Order LPF

These filters can be prepared with a resistor and capacitor with input signals in series. There are two types of first-order LPF:

• Inductive LPF – this circuit consists of resistance and inductor. As the frequency goes upwards, impedance also increases, blocking the higher signals.
• Capacitive LPF – a circuit consisting of capacitor and resistor in which the impedance of capacitor increases as the frequency increases. This again allows only the low-frequency signals to pass through.

2. Second-Order LPF

This circuit consists of all three devices – resistor, inductor and capacitor. It is considered to be better than its first-order counterparts because it has passive elements leading to better blockage.

Applications of LPF

Low Pass Filters are primarily used wherever upper bounds on frequency are required to curb the quality of signals passing through. Some of the applications of it are:

• In wave analyzers and amplifiers
• In devices such as speakers and woofers
• In digital to analog converters
• In audio appliances
• In biomedical apps

It is often used as a prototype filter with unit impedance and bandwidth. The required filter can be prepared by upscaling the prototype’s impedance and bandwidth to the required ranges.