SCUBA Abbreviation

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Popular abbreviations of SCUBA:

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What does SCUBA mean?

SCUBA is the short form for the term Self-Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus. It is an apparatus used by divers for breathing purposes. When a diver goes underwater, he carries the apparatus which provides him breathable gas at ambient pressures.

It is also called the SCUBA gear which primarily consists of the diving equipment used by the diver. This includes the breathing apparatus, the harness, jacket, buoyancy compensator, instruments and other necessary accessories.

History of SCUBA

Before the establishment of SCUBA, divers used to take hoses with them which transferred oxygen to them from the surface. Jacques Cousteau, in 1943 prepared the apparatus. By this time, two major systems of SCUBA had emerged – open-circuit and closed-circuit (rebreather). 

The first commercial rebreather was built in 1878 by Henry Fleuss which consisted of a mask with a bag containing 50-60% oxygen. By the end of the 20th century, semi-closed circuits came into existence and became commercially available.

Types of SCUBA

The Self-Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus is available in three basic functional systems:

Open-circuit demand

In this system, the diver breathes out the air and the next breath is delivered on-demand through the regulator. This breathable gas is provided by the pressure storage cylinder. When the diver reduces the pressure in the demand valve, the air is supplied to the diver.

Rebreather SCUBA

This system recycles the breathed-out air and removes carbon dioxide. The oxygen breathed in by the diver is compensated by the system. According to the design, the stored oxygen is provided to the diver through the injectors or regulators.

Semi-closed circuit

It is fairly similar in operations to Rebreather. It differs only in the breathing medium which continues to flow till it empties. After this, it is released and replaced by fresh air.

Risks associated with SCUBA

The sets contain high-pressure breathing gas. If released inappropriately, the gasses due to their energy can cause damage. Hot temperatures can be the undoing of the cylinder and can lead to damages. Negligence in the quality of valves can lead to blowing out or the hoses can get ruptured due to the high amount of pressure. This can lead to tears in the skin and the entrance of gasses into the blood.